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Spare Part Evaluation
A success-orientated provision of spare parts should ensure that the plant parts required for the implementation of repair measures are made available in the required quality and quantity at the right place and on time in the most economical way possible. It is therefore important to develop selection procedures that make it possible to utilise scarce financial and human resources for goods for which increased planning activities appear to make sense from an economic point of view.
The LSM tool ‘Spare parts evaluation’ provides a basic overview of how spare parts can be evaluated using an ABC-XYZ analysis. The ABC analysis is used to analyse the relationship between the quantity and value structure of the spare parts spectrum. This makes it possible to categorise spare parts into A parts, B parts and C parts according to their relative share of the total stock.
In the area of spare parts management, A-parts are represented by classic single-location reserve parts, whereby these parts are backed by built-in parts whose failure usually causes high downtime costs. It is also typical of these parts that they can be economically repaired in the company's own workshops or those operated by the manufacturer. The B parts spectrum includes, in particular, multi-location standard parts that can be used independently and represent classic standard machine assemblies (pumps, gearboxes, motors, switching devices, etc.). The remaining range of components (C parts) is represented by small and wear parts (screws, seals, etc.).
By linking the ABC analysis with the XYZ analysis, the demand and consumption of the spare parts are included in the assessment. X-parts are characterised by a very uniform demand pattern, which is why precise demand forecasts are possible. Y-goods are characterised by a regularly fluctuating or trend-like demand pattern, which allows for a medium level of forecasting accuracy. Z goods are characterised by random demand patterns and have an extremely low forecasting accuracy of demand (based on historical data). A well-structured spare parts evaluation methodology can be used to derive management strategies for the different spare parts groups in order to achieve an economic optimum for each group.
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